| CDN | 内容分发网络 | A network that delivers cached content from locations close to users. | 把缓存内容放到离用户更近的网络节点来提供。 |
| Object Storage | 对象存储 | Durable API-accessed storage for file-like objects. | 通过接口保存大量文件类对象的耐久存储。 |
| File Storage | 文件存储 | Storage that exposes files and folders through shared paths. | 通过文件夹和路径共享文件的存储方式。 |
| Cache | 缓存 | Fast temporary storage for data used again. | 把还会再用的数据暂时放在更快的地方。 |
| Architecture | 架构 | The way a system's parts are arranged and connected. | 系统各个部分如何分工、连接和一起工作的方式。 |
| Component | 组件 | A distinct part of a system with a clear responsibility. | 系统中负责一件明确工作的独立部分。 |
| Service | 服务 | A component that provides a focused capability. | 提供某一种具体能力的系统部分。 |
| Monolith | 单体应用 | An application whose major features are built and deployed together. | 主要功能放在一起开发和部署的应用。 |
| Microservices | 微服务 | An architecture made of independently deployable services. | 把系统拆成多个可以独立发布的小服务。 |
| API Gateway | API 网关 | A managed entry point between clients and backend services. | 位于客户端和后端服务之间、统一管理请求入口的组件。 |
| Load Balancer | 负载均衡器 | A component that distributes traffic across healthy instances. | 把请求分配给健康服务器或服务实例的组件。 |
| Cache | 缓存 | Fast temporary storage for data used often. | 把常用数据暂时放在更快的地方。 |
| Redis | Redis | A fast in-memory data store often used for temporary state. | 一种速度很快、常用来保存临时状态的数据工具。 |
| Message Queue | 消息队列 | A temporary holding place between message producers and consumers. | 生产者和消费者之间暂存消息、让双方不用同时工作的地方。 |
| Producer | 生产者 | A component that sends a message to a queue. | 把消息放进队列的系统部分。 |
| Consumer | 消费者 | A component that receives and processes a message. | 从队列取出消息并处理它的系统部分。 |
| Event | 事件 | A record or signal that something happened. | 表示某件事已经发生的一条记录或信号。 |
| Event-driven | 事件驱动 | A system style where components react to facts about what happened. | 系统围绕“发生了什么”来让不同部分做出反应。 |
| Synchronous | 同步 | The caller waits for the work to finish before continuing. | 调用方要等工作完成后才能继续。 |
| Asynchronous | 异步 | The caller can continue while the work finishes separately. | 调用方可以先继续，工作在另一边完成。 |
| Scaling | 扩展 | Changing capacity to handle changing demand. | 根据需求变化调整系统能处理的工作量。 |
| Horizontal Scaling | 水平扩展 | Adding more machines or instances to share work. | 增加更多机器或实例，一起分担工作。 |
| Vertical Scaling | 垂直扩展 | Making one machine more powerful. | 给同一台机器增加资源，让它变得更强。 |
| Instance | 实例 | One running copy of an application or service. | 正在运行的一份应用或服务副本。 |
| Fault Tolerance | 容错 | The ability to keep useful service when part of a system fails. | 系统某一部分出问题时，整体仍尽量继续提供服务。 |
| High Availability | 高可用性 | Keeping a service usable most of the time through redundancy, health checks, and failover. | 通过冗余、健康检查和故障转移，让服务大部分时间保持可用。 |
| Redundancy | 冗余 | An extra component or path ready to help when another fails. | 多准备一个可以在另一个出问题时接替工作的部件或路径。 |
| Health Check | 健康检查 | A test that decides whether a target is ready to receive work. | 用来判断某个实例现在能不能接收请求的测试。 |
| Failover | 故障转移 | Moving work from a failed path to a healthy replacement. | 把工作从坏掉的路径转到健康的备用路径。 |